AWS EC2 Scenario based Questions❓
❓You need to launch a new EC2 instance to host a web application. The instance should be configured to automatically scale up and down based on the traffic.
Question: What AWS services and features would you use to achieve this?
Answer: You would use Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to automatically scale your instances based on traffic. Set up an Auto Scaling group and define scaling policies based on CloudWatch metrics such as CPU utilization.
Your application requires a database and you want to ensure that it is highly available and automatically backed up.
Question: How would you set up an EC2 instance with these requirements?
Answer: Use Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) for the database. RDS provides high availability and automated backups. Launch your EC2 instance and configure it to connect to the RDS instance.
You have an EC2 instance in a private subnet that needs to access the internet to download updates.
Question: How can you enable this instance to access the internet?
Answer: Attach a NAT Gateway or NAT Instance in a public subnet to allow the EC2 instance in the private subnet to access the internet.
You want to secure your EC2 instance and ensure it can only be accessed by your office IP range.
Question: How would you configure the security group for this?
Answer: Configure the security group of the EC2 instance to allow inbound traffic only from your office IP range by setting up appropriate IP address ranges in the inbound rules.
5. Scenario: Your EC2 instance needs to use a specific IAM role to access S3 buckets.
Question: How do you attach this IAM role to the instance?
Answer: When launching the EC2 instance, select the IAM role in the “IAM role” dropdown under the “Configure Instance” step. For an existing instance, modify the instance’s IAM role from the EC2 management console.
You want to deploy a web application and ensure that it remains available even if an instance fails.
Question: What AWS services and configurations would you use?
Answer: Use EC2 Auto Scaling with multiple instances in different Availability Zones. Additionally, deploy an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) to distribute traffic across these instances.
You need to migrate an EC2 instance from one region to another.
Question: What steps should you follow?
Answer: Create an AMI (Amazon Machine Image) of the instance, copy the AMI to the target region, and then launch a new instance from that AMI in the target region.
Your EC2 instance needs to have access to secrets stored in AWS Secrets Manager.
Question: How do you configure this securely?
Answer: Attach an IAM role to your EC2 instance with permissions to access Secrets Manager. The instance can then use the AWS SDK or CLI to retrieve secrets.
You have an EC2 instance running an application, and you need to perform maintenance without downtime.
Question: What approach can you take?
Answer: Use EC2 Auto Scaling with multiple instances behind an Elastic Load Balancer. You can then drain connections from the instance to be maintained, perform maintenance, and then bring it back online.
You need to ensure that your EC2 instance’s root volume is encrypted.
Question: How can you configure encryption for the root volume?Answer: When launching the instance, select an encrypted EBS volume for the root device. If the instance is already running, you can create a snapshot of the root volume, encrypt it, and then create a new volume from the encrypted snapshot.
You need to provide SSH access to your EC2 instance from a specific user on your local network.
Question: How do you configure this?
Answer: Add the user’s public SSH key to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the EC2 instance. Also, ensure the security group allows inbound SSH access from the user’s IP address.
You want to monitor the performance and health of your EC2 instances.
Question: What tools and services can you use?
Answer: Use Amazon CloudWatch for monitoring metrics and setting alarms. You can also use EC2 Instance Monitoring with CloudWatch to track instance health and performance.
You need to set up a scheduled task on your EC2 instance that runs a script every night.
Question: How can you achieve this?
Answer: Use cron jobs on a Linux instance or Task Scheduler on a Windows instance to schedule the execution of your script at the desired time.
Your EC2 instances are experiencing high network latency.
Question: What steps can you take to address this issue?
Answer: Check if the instances are in the right region and Availability Zone. Consider upgrading the instance type to a more powerful instance with better network performance. Also, check for issues with the application or network configuration.
You need to ensure that your EC2 instance’s data persists even if the instance is stopped or terminated.
Question: How can you configure this?
Answer: Use EBS (Elastic Block Store) volumes for storing data. Ensure that data is saved on EBS volumes rather than instance store volumes. You can also configure snapshot policies for additional data protection.
You want to provide your EC2 instances with additional storage that persists beyond instance termination.
Question: What AWS service would you use?
Answer: Use Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store) for additional persistent storage. Attach EBS volumes to your EC2 instances as needed.
You need to ensure your EC2 instance uses the latest OS patches and updates.
Question: How can you automate this process?
Answer: Use AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager to automate the installation of patches and updates across your EC2 instances.
You want to set up an EC2 instance that can only be accessed through a VPN.
Question: What steps would you follow?
Answer: Set up a VPN connection using AWS VPN or a third-party VPN solution. Configure the security group of the EC2 instance to allow inbound traffic only from the VPN’s IP range.
You need to launch multiple instances from the same configuration.
Question: What AWS features can help with this?
Answer: Use Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups or launch instances from an AMI (Amazon Machine Image) to create multiple instances with the same configuration.
Your application requires a specific instance type for high performance but needs to be cost-effective.
Question: What options can you explore to balance performance and cost?
Answer: Consider using Reserved Instances or Spot Instances. Reserved Instances provide cost savings for long-term usage, while Spot Instances offer lower prices for unused capacity.
You want to deploy an application on EC2 and ensure it scales automatically based on demand.
Question: What AWS services and configurations would you use?
Answer: Use EC2 Auto Scaling in conjunction with Elastic Load Balancing and CloudWatch to automatically scale instances based on traffic and load.
You need to deploy a web server on EC2 that requires SSL/TLS certificates.
Question: How can you handle SSL/TLS for your EC2 web server?
Answer: Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to manage SSL/TLS certificates. You can then configure your web server to use the certificates or use an Application Load Balancer with SSL termination.
You need to ensure that your EC2 instance is compliant with specific security policies.
Question: How can you enforce and monitor compliance?
Answer: Use AWS Config to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations of your EC2 instances. You can set up rules to enforce compliance with your security policies.
You need to transfer a large amount of data to your EC2 instance from on-premises storage.
Question: What AWS services can assist with this?
Answer: Use AWS Snowball for transferring large amounts of data securely and efficiently. Alternatively, you can use AWS Direct Connect for high-speed network connectivity.
Your EC2 instance is experiencing unexpected downtime and you want to troubleshoot.
Question: What steps should you take to identify and resolve the issue?
Answer: Check the EC2 instance status checks and CloudWatch logs for error messages. Review the instance’s system logs and application logs. Consider creating an AMI from a healthy instance and launching a new instance from that AMI if necessary.
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